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Humanity: A Moral History of the Twentieth Century (Yale Nota Bene) (Englisch) Taschenbuch – 11. August 2001

5.0 von 5 Sternen 1 Kundenrezension

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In Humanity, English ethicist Jonathan Glover begins with the now commonplace observation that the last 100 years were perhaps the most brutal in all history. But the problem wasn't that human nature suddenly took a sharp turn for the worse: "It is a myth that barbarism is unique to the twentieth century: the whole of human history includes wars, massacres, and every kind of torture and cruelty," he writes. Technology has made a huge difference, but psychology has remained the same--and this is what Glover seeks to examine, through discussions of Nietzsche, the My Lai atrocity in Vietnam, Hiroshima, tribal genocide in Rwanda, Stalinism, Nazism, and so on.

There is much history here, but Humanity is fundamentally a book of philosophy. In his first chapter, for instance, Glover announces his goal "to replace the thin, mechanical psychology of the Enlightenment with something more complex, something closer to reality." But he also seeks "to defend the Enlightenment hope of a world that is more peaceful and more humane, the hope that by understanding more about ourselves we can do something to create a world with less misery." The result is an odd combination of darkness and light--darkness because the subject matter of the 20th century's moral failings is so bleak, light because of Glover's earnest optimism, which insists that "keeping the past alive may help to prevent atrocities." He cites Stalin's bracing comment, made while signing death warrants: "Who's going to remember all this riff-raff in ten or twenty years' time? No one." At one level, Humanity is a book of remembrance. But it's more than that: it's also an attempt to understand what it is in the human mind that makes moral disaster always loom--and a prayer that this aspect of our psychology might be better controlled. --John J. Miller -- Dieser Text bezieht sich auf eine vergriffene oder nicht verfügbare Ausgabe dieses Titels.

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Format: Taschenbuch
Ausgezeichnetes Buch! Es grenzt schon fast an einer Schande, dass es bislang noch nicht ins Deutsche übersetzt worden ist.
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Amazon.com: 4.4 von 5 Sternen 38 Rezensionen
3 von 3 Kunden fanden die folgende Rezension hilfreich
5.0 von 5 Sternen it is a live changing book. somewhat depressing at ... 9. Dezember 2014
Von Patrick Bols - Veröffentlicht auf Amazon.com
Format: Taschenbuch Verifizierter Kauf
it is a live changing book. somewhat depressing at the start but once you get further down the book, one realizes that there is hope for mankind but that much time will be needed. It is important that we understand the reasons for our in-humane behaviors and that lessons are hard to learn.
16 von 16 Kunden fanden die folgende Rezension hilfreich
4.0 von 5 Sternen An Examination of Man's Inhumanity to Man 11. Juli 2001
Von Parker Benchley - Veröffentlicht auf Amazon.com
Format: Gebundene Ausgabe Verifizierter Kauf
Jonathan Glover has written an interesting and lively chronicle of the twentieth century using the prism of morality as his filter. Noting that the last 100 years were the most brutal in human history, Glover seeks the reasons why this became the case. In Europe at rhe start of the century, most people accepted the authority of morality. What happened to undermine that authority? Glover states that barbarism is not unique to the twentieth century: atrocities have always been with us throughout recorded time. Technology has made a difference; hyped as the answer for a better life, technology has also made it easier for programs such as genocide and biocide, not to mention the total destruction of humanity via nuclear weapons. Never before has the fate of so many been in the hands of so few.
Perhaps it has been that the view of human psychology developed during the Enlightenment has stagnated, failng to adjust to new developments and the outgrowths of those developments in the industrialized world. Glover tellingly quotes John Maynard Keynes's criticism of Bertrand Russell's comments about life and affairs as "brittle" because there was "no solid diagnosis of human nature underlying them."
But Glover errs by leading his book with a look at Nietzsche as a harbinger of the new type of thinking, concentrating on Nietzsche's values of "cruelty," which the philosopher had associated with the overman, the man who overcomes himself, creating new values in the process. Nietsche did not endorse his values of the ubermensch as values for the mass of humanity. The Nazis attempted to adopt Nietzsche as a philosophical cornerstone, but it is evident from their writings, especially those of Alfred Baumler (quoted by Glover), that they did not understand exactly what their chosen philosopher was really saying. Glover would have been much better off in this study by leading off with a study of Nietzsche's study of resentment. The twentieth century marked the triumph of resentment over rationality, taking the technology developed through and by a brittle rational world-view and using it not for the enhancement of human life, but rather the destruction of life.
Glover also misses another opportunity when he fails to note that the bloody reigns of Stalin and Mao are in a very large sense based on the Enlightenment view of human psychology that mankind was perfectible. Those not in step with the new order were deemed expendable, Glover quotes a chilling statement Stalin made while issuing arrest warrants, "Who's going to remember all this riff-raff in ten or twenty years' time? No one."
Most of Glover's analysis is spent with Hitler, and from the viewpoint of twentieth century history we can understand why. Much more is known about Hitler and his regime than those of Stalin and Mao, of whom new revelations are made with every passing year. In covering the excesses of all three dictators, Glover remains on target with an analysis that keeps the reader turning the pages.
Other strong points include chapters on Hiroshima, Rwanda, the Gulf War, and the refusal of Italians to help their allies, the Nazis exterminate Jews in Croatia, serving as a beacon of hope and rationality in a deadly irrational darkness.
Well worth your time and money, especially that it is now in paperback, and thus easier to read on the train or bus. The book will make you think and is the perfect tome to read on the way to and from work.
16 von 22 Kunden fanden die folgende Rezension hilfreich
5.0 von 5 Sternen Superb. 10. Februar 2001
Von P. Meltzer - Veröffentlicht auf Amazon.com
Format: Gebundene Ausgabe Verifizierter Kauf
Really an excellent and thoughtfully written book. I wholeheartedly recommend it. One of the issues I kept thinking about however, was the author's brief discussion of where Stalin, Hitler and Mao rank on the relative evilness scale. Glover concludes that Hitler is the worst ("to turn towards Hitler is to look into the deepest darkness of all."). There is certainly support for this. First, neither of the other two targeted an enire race, religion or nationality for death as Hitler did. Second, while it might be argued that the millions of murders by Stalin and Mao were carried out under their astoundingly perverse belief (but belief nevertheless) that this might, as the author says, "improve people's lives", which they apparently had a "genuine desire to do", Hitler, by contrast, merely hated the Jews. Third, from what I am aware, the killings by Stalin and Mao were mostly within the borders of their own countries while the same is certainly not true of Hitler (think Poland, for starters). Finally, when one speaks about these three today, Hitler elicits instant revulsion while many people don't really even know who the other two are, or if they do, they have only a cloudy notion of who they were and what they were about, and certainly don't think of those two as "evil incarnate" the way we tend to think of Hitler. And yet, there is an argument to be made that the other two are even worse than Hitler. (I realize that to compare degrees of evil may carry the suggestion that if a person is "less evil" in a certain respect, then they are actually not terrible, or that their actions are somehow "condonable". That is obviously not my intent, but merely a necessary hazard of an exercise where you ask "Who is the most evil?".)
First of all, as the author notes, both Stalin and Mao caused far, far more people to be killed than did Hitler. Second, it seems that the life of the ordinary German was much better under Hitler than the ordinary Russian or Chinese person under Stalin or Mao. Of course, if you were a Jewish person (as I am) or another "weaker non-Aryan" undesirable, this seems absurd. However, it seems as if there was so much paranoia, terror and fear under the other two, that literally EVERY person living under Stalin or Mao lived a nightmarish existence every day, regardless of their race, religion, nationality or anything else about them. If they were not murdered or sent away to camps, they nevertheless must have lived every day in the most abject fear that one of these things could happen. No one could talk freely to anyone, not even members of their own family. While Hitler--as with all dictators--clearly had a degree of paranoia--witness the Ernst Rohm killing in 1934--it seemed to be limited more towards top officials who seemd to be a threat, and also seemed to be less and less of a factor as he started to consolidate his power in the mid to late-30's. But Stalin and Mao, by contrast, seemed to be obsessively concerned not only with the higher-ups in their respective parties but also with virtually every man, woman, and child in the entire country. This meant that the killings cut across every category. Finally, it would seem as if Germany was a far stronger and healthier country in, say, 1940, then in 1933, while I question whether the same can be said of the other two countries. Obviously this is again absurd if one is Jewish, but as noted before, when comparing evil people, everything is relative. Of course, Germany in 1945, was a far different story than 1940, but it recovered. As far as I can tell however, China and Russia were crappy and depressing places before the War, during the War, after the War and ever since.
I suppose one way to look at this perverse issue is as follows: If you were going to be transported back into one of the three countries in, say 1935, and your race, religion and nationality was completely up to chance--i.e. selected at random with no bearing on what you are now, which of these horrible places would you pick? (Of course, this doesn't account for the possibility of being in certain other countries, such as Poland, which seem to have been the brunt of everyone's evil.)
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4.0 von 5 Sternen Four Stars 1. März 2016
Von CHANHAN OUK - Veröffentlicht auf Amazon.com
Format: Taschenbuch Verifizierter Kauf
It's very good for the price
0 von 2 Kunden fanden die folgende Rezension hilfreich
5.0 von 5 Sternen Humanity 3. März 2013
Von Kelsey - Veröffentlicht auf Amazon.com
Format: Taschenbuch Verifizierter Kauf
this book was in perfect condition and was a very good read. I would definitely recommend it to a friend
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