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The Collapse of Chaos: Discovering Simplicity in a Complex World (Penguin science)
  
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The Collapse of Chaos: Discovering Simplicity in a Complex World (Penguin science) [Englisch] [Taschenbuch]

Jack S. Cohen , Ian Stewart
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Taschenbuch EUR 14,91  
Taschenbuch, 29. Juni 1995 --  

Produktinformation

  • Taschenbuch: 512 Seiten
  • Verlag: Penguin Books Ltd; Auflage: New edition (29. Juni 1995)
  • Sprache: Englisch
  • ISBN-10: 0140246754
  • ISBN-13: 978-0140246759
  • Größe und/oder Gewicht: 19,6 x 12,6 x 2,8 cm
  • Durchschnittliche Kundenbewertung: 4.7 von 5 Sternen  Alle Rezensionen anzeigen (3 Kundenrezensionen)
  • Amazon Bestseller-Rang: Nr. 994.026 in Englische Bücher (Siehe Top 100 in Englische Bücher)
  • Komplettes Inhaltsverzeichnis ansehen

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Produktbeschreibungen

From Booklist

The ironic title doesn't announce the end of whirls, eddies, and physical uncertainty but

rather the end of a scientific outlook: reductionism. Cohen and Stewart explain their objections to it but concede that reducing behavior to the interactions of the smallest entity has brought forth great advances in biology, chemistry, and physics. They believe, however, that its potential is exhausted and here propound their iconoclastic ideas for thinking about complexity. Both are populists--Cohen is a British TV commentator on biology, Stewart a Scientific American columnist on math--and so write in a practiced idiom for nonexperts. They go so far as to write sf-like interludes from the planet Zarathustra to illustrate the tricks that reductionism plays on perception. But in the main, they proffer myriad examples, drawn mainly from biology, purporting to convince readers that "bottom-up" views are ultimately spurious (for example, the popular notion that DNA is a "blueprint" for every detail of life) and should be replaced by concepts of "simplexity" and "complicity." It seems rather easier to follow a single atom around than the features and systems the authors throw out, but it is such rebels who keep honest the prevailing epistemology of science. Gilbert Taylor -- Dieser Text bezieht sich auf eine vergriffene oder nicht verfügbare Ausgabe dieses Titels.

From Kirkus Reviews

Riding the wave of popularizations of chaos and complexity theory is this new contender by a pair of English science writers, Cohen, a biologist, and Stewart, a mathematician. Rather than enthuse about the C words, they ask another question: If the universe is chaotic, where do the simplicities of nature come from? Then they proceed, for fully half the book, to lay out the current reductionist paradigm by which cosmology, culture, evolution, intelligence, etc., are the consequences of lower level ``simpler'' principles: quantum mechanics, chemistry, the genetic code. That done--and done quite well despite a style that is sometime too breezy by half--they spend the rest of the book pointing to the inadequacies of reductionism and building toward two explanatory principles which they call simplexity and complicity. Simplexity is ``the emergence of large-scale simplicities as direct consequences of rules,'' e.g., the patterns that emerge in John Horton Conway's computer game of life; and by extension, any features that emerge from sets of similar ground rules. Complicity is more like convergent evolution: different sets of rules generating similar features (e.g., bat wings versus bird wings). Either principle brings about a collapse of chaos. Basically, what they are saying is that you can't simply map a lower level of organization, say, the DNA code, into a living organism. There is instead a dynamic in which content and context are critical. The argument is fine. However, had the authors avoided cutesy neologisms, visits to another planet, and other textural distractions, their many useful examples and well-taken points might have been even better taken. -- Copyright ©1994, Kirkus Associates, LP. All rights reserved. -- Dieser Text bezieht sich auf eine vergriffene oder nicht verfügbare Ausgabe dieses Titels.

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Format:Taschenbuch
In their preface, Jack Cohen and Ian Stewart describe this book as "a streamlined introduction to the central preoccupations of modern science." The concepts of chaos, complexity, and simplicity are central to the book; they are presented without jargon and with marvelous analogies and examples. Much of the discussion of complexity focuses on life, especially human life and human intelligence. An especially useful concept they introduce is the "brain pun," the human brain's tendency to see similarity (bird wings and bat wings) and infer causality or relationship.



This book is remarkable in how much it teaches the intelligent layperson. For example, frog DNA is more complicated than ours because it incorporates so many instructions to the tadpole on how to mature under a wide range of temperature conditions. Human embryos don't need an instruction book with a huge chapter entitled "Coping with Temperature Changes," because we initially grow in the marvelously temperature-controlled environment of the womb. Did you know that? I didn't.



Speaking of instruction books - Cohen and Stewart clearly show that the instruction book metaphor for DNA is flawed. Only a fraction of human DNA is meaningful; the rest is "junk." (Same for other species - it's life, not just us.) But junk DNA replicates, too. Also, for most species in the real world, a wide variety of gene patterns produce pretty much the same animal. Did you know any of this? I didn't.



This is an ideal book for the intelligent layperson whose taste runs to the "readable but accurate." At 443 pages plus notes in the paperback version, it's plenty long enough for a coast-to-coast flight, with some left over for the next day. Highly recommended; I can't wait to pass it on to friends.

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Von Ein Kunde
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If you are one of those who used to read Asimov's
or Arthur C. Clarke's "science fact" books get this book. You will especially enjoy it if you have an interest in evolution and/or to see the "tunnel vision" mistakes of people who are generally regarded as geniuses.

I learned more in reading this book than ANY non classroom
textbook and more than most classroom texts. And it's as easy to read as anything could be, considering the subject matter.

You should have some background in science, or it might be a little tough to get through.

All in all a great book.
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A starting quotation: " How exquisitely the individual mind is fitted to the external world and how exquisitely the external word is fitted to the mind". Is it the result of Interacting systems that coevolve together in a way that causes both to change in the fittest way, that indeed leads to a multifacceted change from starting simple sistems, to complex- contextual related ones? That is what means Complexity.

Is it the collective behavoir of the system that
transcends it's compounds, generating a whole
inseparable in it's intergating parts? More than
puntual particles, it are fields of interconection,
that produce "Phase Changes" beyond the Physical-Chemical properties of it's parts.
Non equilibrium becomes so to an order,
it is a dynamical system of attractors,
that keeps ever changing, modifying
and adapting but by this way creating certainity and simplicity from an ever changing complexity. Chaos or Antichaos are the
two sides of a Universal System that is
a interconected Multisystem, that is so,
in ways, similar to Our Mind's Inner and Outer
Systems. To Create Simplicity on certain levels you need Complexity on other levels, but also
a mixture of Complexity-Simplicity will arise in
others. Jack Cohen and Ian Stewart bring us to
the Institute of Simple Systems, because it is
for the subdued simplicity in Chaos
(it's collapse), what we are looking for, but for
that we need to get some new way of questionig
this Complex World.
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