In Landscape and Memory, Simon Schama embarks on an epic journey across countries, through mountains and forests, and over time to create a panoramic exploration of the impact landscape has made on culture and in turn how the culture has formed and manipulated the land. Painting, sculpture, printmaking, architecture, rural and urban planning are merely a few of the means by which society has interpreted the world around them, often to conform to its own needs and desires. Schama does not see this as negative, for it is the "cultural habits of humanity" that "have always made room for the sacredness of nature." Schama does not treat the landscape as isolated and individual expressions, but as part of a historical and transcontinental continuum. The spirituality and nationality imbued in the land and rivers transcend time and space to embody a powerfully universal mysticism. Schama's distinctive meandering writing style gives the reader the impression that he or she is in fact taking a journey through woodland trails or down winding rivers. He combines the narrative elements of storytelling with a historical accuracy and specificity in order to describe a vivid and imaginable past. The forests of Lithuania, the elaborite Fountain of the Four Rivers of Italian sculptor Bernini, the mystic landscape paintings of Casper David Friedrich, and Mount Rushmore are just a small sampling of the rich variety of subjects Schama discusses in his authoritative yet intuitive work. Schama begins and ends the book with the words of Henry David Thoreau, thus creating a cyclical feeling quite similar to the turning of the seasons or the movement of one river into another. He ultimately shows that there truely is a primordial connection between the land and the animal human, a connection which can be illustrated in the aesthetic creations of civilization. We become quite aware that are artistic manifestations are rooted in our past and the land which defines and sustains a universal society with a collective memory. This memory, as shown in Schama's memorarble book, interprets the land in myriad ways, but the powerful mysticism of our past transcends boundaries of time and space to appear in paint, stone, paper, and the land itself. I shall end by stating that Landscape and Memory is a cerebral and highly detailed historical work, which is dense, but rich and enjoyable.