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James Arness, best known as Matt Dillon on television's longest running primetime drama, Gunsmoke (...), is described in TV Guide as a "recluse on a horseback" [1] and "the Greta Garbo of Dodge City" [2]. He is a man who wants to be left alone. After Gunsmoke soared in the ratings in the late 1950's and early 1960's, Arness walked of the set if a publicist or journalist appeared. At one point, he called the CBS brass together and said "I'll pay you to keep me out of the papers" [1]. Arness' history of secrecy and seclusion is what makes this a juicy book. What prompted him to come into the sunshine? Arness, who wrote his autobiography in his late seventies, says "[If] I was going to write a book about my life, I better do it now . `cause I'm not getting any younger" [3].
James Arness' account of his life is jam packed with fascinating facts and anecdotes but is largely devoid of personal insight, introspection, core belief assessment, and passion. Arness' privacy shell seems manifest in his writing. The book’s pros are correspondingly wooden. Beginning a biography summary of a fascinating personality with “James Arness was born May 26, 1923, in Minneapolis” would, at best, get a C in college. This, the first sentence of the paragraph used to summarize Arness’ book, is largely commensurate with the rest. There are, however, many interesting tidbits diehard Arness fans can glean from the plodding pros.
Some have opined that James Arness is Matt Dillon and Matt Dillon is James Arness. Comparison, however, is complicated. Matt Dillon is the type of man who would walk point on a patrol into World War II enemy territory and courageously take out a Nazi machine nest with a hand grenade. James Arness won a bronze star in WWII for doing this. Arness' limp which became more and more pronounced over the years is the result of a bullet from a Nazi machine gun splintering his leg bones during the Allied liberation of Anzio in 1944. For this, he received a purple heart. Unlike much of the rest of the book, Arness' account of his WWII experiences is riveting.
We learn Arness, as a lad, did many things we would expect from a Matt Dillon. He hopped trains in search of adventure, spent hours in athletic pursuits and, due largely to restlessness and lack of interest, performed marginally in school. A spirited Arness, at the age of 22, hitchhiked west to California to seek his fame and fortune. These are the actions of a Matt Dillon.
On the other hand, Matt Dillon would not join and enjoy a Glee Club and rank "Smoke Gets in You Eyes" as a favorite tune; Matt Dillon would not disruptively buzz his work place in his private plane just for fun; Matt Dillon would not become a beach bum infatuated with surfing; and Matt Dillon would not get a case of the giggles severe enough to halt a Gunsmoke work day. Giggles accompanied Arness everywhere. They got him fired from an early career announcing job. Ben Bates, James Arness' double on Gunsmoke and “How the West Was Won”, says James Arness laughs "from his toes to the top of his head when something strikes him as funny". Sometimes, "he just couldn't stop laughing". Giggling and uncontrollability are not characteristics of Matt Dillon.
Arness credits his career success to Providence. "I've been one of the luckiest men among the many who came to Hollywood seeking fame and fortune... [A] divine hand was guiding me along the way." His gifts of good looks, six and a half foot height, and natural acting skill resonated nicely with TV and movie producers.
After putting in long days perfecting cowboy skills in the early Gunsmokes [5], Arness became the preverbal 800 pound gorilla who, due to being indispensable to one of television's top rated shows, could do anything he wanted. Maybe James Arness was not Matt Dillon - but he became Gunsmoke. TV Guide reported "Early in the game, … [Arness] demanded and got a large chunk of the [Gunsmoke] production company, later the whole production company." When Arness tired of his ranch and couldn't sell it, CBS took it off his hands [6]. On the set, if Arness didn't like the way things were going, he did not hesitate to "direct the director" [1]. When Buck Taylor wanted a raise, he asked Arness' business agent who said "Let me talk to Jim about it". Arness threatened he didn't want to interrupt his Hawaii vacation plans and return early just to "raise Hell" with CBS". Buck Taylor got the raise. Despite - or maybe because of - Arness' domination of Gunsmoke, guest actors ranked Gunsmoke as one of the most professional and friendly sets in the industry, and, although he could be confrontational with the brass, James Arness as one of the most courteous and friendly stars in the industry [7].
Arness' autobiography frames Gunsmoke as the peak of his career. There were the John Wayne films before and "How the West Was Won" after, but neither had the impact of television's longest running primetime drama - a jaw dropping 20 years. James Arness is Gunsmoke and Gunsmoke is an icon. Dick Wolf of CBS's "Law and Order" television series admitted his driving motivation in television: "I want to beat Gunsmoke" [9]. Chances are he won't.
References
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1. TV-Guide, April 6, 1968.
2. TV-Guide, December 10, 1966.
3. The National Enquirer, August 7, 2001.
4. TV-Guide, June 12, 1965.
5. Parade Magazine, April 3, 1960.
6. Australian TV-Guide, September 22, 1962.
7. SuzAnne, Gabor Barabas, Gunsmoke: A Completer History, McFarland & Co. (1990).
8. Robert Metz, CBS-Reflections in a Bloodshot Eye, (Playboy Press, Chicago, 1975).
9. Gail Shister, ’Law & Order' Chases 'Gunsmoke', Knight Ridder Newspapers, July 2001.