This superb book, by a too-often overlooked author writing at the brink of the modern age, was an instant classic when it was released near the end of World War I. It exposed to the war-weary young the hypocrisy and hollowness of the Victorian ideals they believed they were fighting for, through its marvelous depictions of four leading Victorian figures. Strachey did a tremendous amount of background reading and research, which never shows in his tightly written, crystalline prose. But more impressive is how he managed to "re-imagine" these figures, based on their own writings and what was written about them, to understand why these figures were often held up as the ideal, but in reality had become stereotypes who did not deserve the reputations they had won (or deserved them for different reasons than were commonly acknowledged). Nightingale, Bennett, Gordon, Manning -- their names would taste bitter in the mouths of the first generation of the new century, because of this book.